Germany, as Europe’s largest market and most influential economy, holds the top position as China’s primary trading partner in the EU. Whether you’re already engaged in importing from China to Germany or considering it for the first time, this comprehensive guide provides essential information to help you choose the best shipping method for your commercial goods.
Germany Customs Entry
When bringing goods into the EU from a non-EU country such as China, this process is categorized as an import.
Germany EORI Number
The EORI (Economic Operators’ Registration and Identification) number is a vital identification number valid across the EU, replacing the German customs number.
Economic operators, who are involved in customs-related activities, must use their EORI number on all customs declarations. It is mandatory to obtain and quote your unique EORI number. Applications and updates can be made via the Germany Customs Portal, and this service is free.
Germany Tariff Code
The German tariff code is an 11-digit number based on the Harmonized System (HS). The HS provides a standardized classification for goods globally.
The tariff code begins with a six-digit HS code. This is extended by the European Communities’ combined nomenclature (CN) to eight digits (7+8). The ninth and tenth digits, known as TARIC, incorporate EU measures such as antidumping rules and tariff quotas. The eleventh digit is used for national purposes in Germany, including VAT rates or specific restrictions.
Code Number Structure
| Code Number | Code Structure |
|---|---|
| 48 | Chapter – Harmonized System |
| 4819 | Heading – Harmonized System |
| 4819 10 | Subheading – Harmonized System |
| 4819 1000 | Subheading – Combined Nomenclature |
| 4819 1000 00 | Subheading – TARIC/European Union |
| 4819 1000 00 9 | Code Number – Electronic Customs Tariff/Germany |
The 11-digit code must be stated in an import declaration when shipping to Germany from China.
Rate of Duty and VAT 19%
Germany generally applies a 19% VAT rate on imports from China, payable before the goods are released from customs. Once cleared, goods can be stored, sold, or dispatched to other EU countries.
Sea Freight to Germany
Sea freight is a popular and cost-effective method for shipping goods to Germany. The Rhine and Elbe rivers are crucial inland waterways, connecting regions from the Czech Republic and Austria to Germany’s deep-water ports.
Top Container Ports in Germany
The Port of Hamburg, known as the “Gateway to the World,” is Germany’s largest seaport and Europe’s third-largest. It leads in rail port activities and is pivotal in the New Silk Road with numerous weekly connections to China.
Other major ports in Germany include:
- Port of Bremen and Bremerhaven
- Port of Wilhelmshaven
- Port of Duisburg
- Port of Emden
- Port of Kiel
- Port of Lubeck
- Port of Frankfurt
Sea Freight Costs to Germany
Less than Container Load (LCL) is often the most economical method, consolidating shipments from multiple shippers into a single container. Conversely, Full Container Load (FCL) involves renting an entire container exclusively for your goods, potentially offering faster and sometimes cheaper shipping.
To determine sea freight costs, consider:
- Cargo type
- Shipping method (FCL or LCL)
- Weight and volume of your shipment
- Distance between origin and destination
- Service type (port-to-port, door-to-port, etc.)
Sea Freight Transit Times to Germany
Sea freight transit times vary based on departure and arrival ports, shipping routes, and potential delays due to weather or customs. Typically, shipping from China to Germany takes approximately one month.
Air Freight to Germany
For quicker delivery, especially for lightweight or high-value items, air freight is an excellent option. It is ideal for:
- Goods with a short shelf-life
- Urgent shipments
- High-value items requiring enhanced security
- Smaller consignments
Top Airports in Germany
| IATA Code | Airport Name | Airport City |
|---|---|---|
| FRA | Frankfurt am Main Airport | Frankfurt am Main |
| BER | Airport Berlin Brandenburg | Berlin |
| MUC | Munich Airport | Munich |
| DUS | Düsseldorf Airport | Düsseldorf |
| TXL | Berlin-Tegel Airport | Berlin |
| HAM | Hamburg Airport | Hamburg |
| STR | Stuttgart Airport | Stuttgart |
| CGN | Cologne Bonn Airport | Cologne |
| HAJ | Hannover Airport | Hannover |
| BRE | Bremen Airport | Bremen |
Top Express Companies
For expedited shipping, consider:
- DHL
- FedEx
- UPS
- GLS
- DPD
- Hermes
Air Freight Costs to Germany
Air freight can be costly but is crucial for small, urgent, or high-value shipments. Express services, typically handled by DHL, UPS, or FedEx, cater to smaller consignments.
Air Freight Transit Times to Germany
Air freight is significantly faster than sea freight, often taking only a few days. The exact transit time depends on factors such as the departure and arrival airports, flight routes, and any layovers.
Working with Top China Freight
Partnering with a freight forwarder like Top China Freight simplifies the logistics of shipping from China to Germany. With our extensive experience and expertise, we ensure efficient and timely management of your shipments.
Contact Us Now
For a free quotation on air, ocean, rail, or courier services, or to explore multimodal supply chain solutions, contact us today.