What is an ISF in shipping? It’s a required electronic filing by U.S. Customs for ocean imports, aimed at securing the supply chain and preventing threats.Known as Importer Security Filing, or “10+2,” the ISF must be submitted at least 24 hours before goods are loaded at the foreign port. In this guide, TJ China Freight Forwarder explains who must file it, the key deadlines, penalties for non-compliance, and how to ensure your shipment stays compliant.
1.What is an ISF in Shipping?
ISF stands for Importer Security Filing, also referred to as “10+2.” It is a U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) requirement that applies to ocean freight imports entering the United States. It mandates that certain data elements about the cargo, shipper, and consignee be submitted electronically at least 24 hours before the vessel departs for the U.S. from the foreign port.
ISF is only required for ocean shipments, not for air, truck, or rail imports.
2.Why is ISF Required?
The ISF was introduced in 2009 as part of the Security and Accountability for Every (SAFE) Port Act. Its goal is to:
- Improve cargo targeting for security threats
- Prevent smuggling and terrorism
- Enhance visibility in the supply chain before cargo reaches U.S. shores
The ISF allows CBP to evaluate potential risks and intervene when necessary—well before the container even lands.
3.Who is Responsible for Filing ISF?
The responsibility for filing the ISF lies with the Importer of Record (IOR), which is typically:
- The U.S.-based buyer
- A customs broker acting on behalf of the importer
- A U.S. freight forwarder if authorized
Foreign exporters or Chinese suppliers cannot submit the ISF. However, they must provide accurate information to ensure the ISF is filed correctly and on time.
4.ISF 10+2: What Information Must Be Filed?
The ISF is commonly called “10+2” because it includes 10 data elements from the importer and 2 data elements from the carrier.
The “10” Data Elements (from Importer)
| Data Element | Description |
|---|---|
| 1. Seller | Name & address of the seller/exporter |
| 2. Buyer | Name & address of the buyer/importer |
| 3. Importer of Record Number | Tax ID or EIN of the U.S. importer |
| 4. Consignee Number | U.S. consignee ID number |
| 5. Manufacturer/Supplier | Name & address of the product manufacturer |
| 6. Ship-to Party | Name & address of final delivery location |
| 7. Country of Origin | Where the goods were produced |
| 8. Commodity HTSUS Number | Harmonized Tariff Schedule code (6-digit) |
| 9. Container Stuffing Location | Where cargo was loaded into the container |
| 10. Consolidator Name & Address | Party responsible for stuffing container |
The “+2” Data Elements (from Carrier)
| Data Element | Description |
|---|---|
| 1. Vessel Stow Plan | How cargo is arranged on the vessel |
| 2. Container Status Messages | Real-time tracking & updates for containers |
5.ISF Filing Deadline
The ISF must be filed at least 24 hours before the cargo is loaded onto the vessel at the port of origin.
For example:
- If your container is loaded onto the ship in Shanghai on August 10 at 3:00 PM local time, the ISF must be filed no later than August 9 at 3:00 PM.
Late or inaccurate filings can lead to severe penalties and delays.
6.What Happens If You Don’t File ISF?
Failing to comply with ISF requirements can result in:
- Fines up to $5,000 per violation
- Cargo holds and inspection delays
- Increased scrutiny on future shipments
- Refusal of entry by CBP
Even if goods arrive safely, non-compliance can derail your supply chain and lead to unnecessary costs.
7.How to File ISF
Most importers work with their freight forwarder or a licensed customs broker to handle ISF filing. Here’s the general process:
1.Collect required information from your supplier and freight forwarder.
2.Submit ISF via CBP-approved platform (usually done by a broker or forwarder).
3.Receive confirmation that CBP has accepted the filing.
Tip: Always file ISF before booking your container loading date. Some carriers also require proof of ISF filing before releasing the Bill of Lading.
8.Best Practices to Ensure ISF Compliance
Many brokers and forwarders use software that reduces human error.
A reliable freight forwarder like TJ China Freight Forwarder ensures accurate filings.
Make sure your supplier provides correct information on time.
Confirm ISF data when your order is placed.
9.ISF for FCL vs LCL Shipments
| Shipment Type | Who Files the ISF | Additional Notes |
|---|---|---|
| FCL (Full Container Load) | The importer or their agent | One ISF per container |
| LCL (Less than Container Load) | Importer for each consignment | Each importer must file separately |
Even if you share a container with others (LCL), you are individually responsible for your portion.
Final Thoughts
What is an ISF in shipping? It’s more than just paperwork—it’s a critical security measure that keeps your cargo moving and your business compliant. Failing to understand ISF requirements can result in expensive delays and penalties.
Let TJ China Freight Forwarder take the guesswork out of international shipping. We ensure your ISF filing is smooth, accurate, and timely—so you can focus on growing your business.
Ask for a quote
Let our compliance experts handle it for you.
Contact TJ China Shipping Forwarder for a fast, accurate, and competitive shipping quote.
FAQs
Q1: Do I need to file ISF for air shipments?
No, ISF is only required for ocean imports to the U.S.
Q2: Can my supplier in China file the ISF for me?
No, only U.S.-based entities (or their agents) can file ISF.
Q3:What if I don’t know all the details yet?
You can file an initial ISF and later update certain fields before arrival, but the initial filing must still meet the 24-hour rule.
Q4: Is ISF the same as customs clearance?
No. ISF is filed before the goods depart; customs entry is filed after arrival in the U.S.
Q5: How much does ISF filing cost?
Most freight forwarders or brokers charge between $30–$100 per filing.